MADE MEKAR EDUCATION: hukum
MADE MEKAR EDUCATION

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Hai Bacahubers, pernahkah kalian mengalami motor mogok , dan gara -gara minyak BBM nya habis ? kemudian kalian mengalami kesusahan mencari minyak , yang jual gak ada , terus motornya gimana dong ? 



Nah itulah yang akan terjadi jika sumber daya alam tidak tersedia lagi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup . Itulah kenapa kita sering diminta untuk pola hidup IRIT atau HEMAT . Hemat listrik, kalau siang matiin lampu, kalau TV gak dinonton ya dimatiin. 

Pada setiap bidang kehidupan, terlihat adanya kelangkaan. Di daerah perkotaan banyak tanah digunakan untuk tempat pemukiman sehingga lahan untuk pertaniansangat kurang. Seseorang
baru dapat memperoleh sumber daya setelah mengeluarkan berbagai pengorbanan. Namun demikian ternyata masih ada juga yang tidak mampu memperolehnya, apakah karena memang sudah habis, jumlahnya sedikit atau mereka tidak mampu mengeluarkan pengorbanan yang disyaratkan. Keadaan benda pemuas yang terbatas inilah yang disebut dengan kelangkaan.


Jadi, kelangkaan adalah kondisi dimana kita tidak mempunyai cukup sumber daya untuk
memuaskan kebutuhan.

Kelangkaan menurut ilmu ekonomi mengandung dua pengertian, yaitu:
a. Langka; karena jumlahnya tidak mencukupi dibandingkan dengan jumlah kebutuhan.
b. Langka; karena untuk mendapatkannya dibutuhkan pengorbanan



Tahukah kalian apa yang menyebabkan benda pemuas kebutuhan itu langka

Kelangkaan benda pemuas kebutuhan itu terjadi karena beberapa sebab:

a. Terbatasnya persediaan sumber alam.
b. Terbatasnya kemampuan manusia untuk mengolah alam.
c. Meningkatnya kebutuhan manusia yang lebih cepat dari kemampuan manusia untuk menghasilkan atau belum ditemukannya sumber-sumber baru.
d. Bencana alam
e. Konfl ik/perang



Kalian masih yakin bahwa air masih ada ? Ayuk kita gunakan sumber daya alam dengan smart dan hemat agar kita tidak mengalami KELANGKAAN.

Semoga kalian bisa memahami ya, pengertian kelangkaan dan penyebab kelangkaan tersebut.


Tim BACAHUB



Sumber belajar/daftar pustaka : 
Rudianto, 2014, Ekonomi untuk Sma Kelas X, Depok, Arya Duta.
Eko Yuli, 2009, Ekonomi untuk Sma Kelas X, Pusat perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan
Nasional , jakaerta, Mitra Media Pustaka
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Haloo teman-teman BACAHUB, 
Apakah kalian sudah makan ? sudah minum ? sudah sembahyang ?
Jika kalian tidak makan, tidak minum dan tidak sembahyang seharian , apa yang kalian rasakan. nah makan, minum dan juga sembahyang adalah bagian dari kebutuhan manusia. 
Dalam pembahasan materi kali ini kita akan membahas mengenai jenis jenis kebutuhan manusia dalam konteks Ekonomi.



PEMBAHASAN



PENGERTIAN KEBUTUHAN

Kebutuhan adalah segala sesuatu yang diperlukan manusia terhadap benda atau jasa
yang dapat memberikan kepuasan dan kemakmuran kepada manusia itu sendiri, baik
kepuasan jasmani maupun kepuasan rohani. 



Kebutuhan merupakan suatu hal yang harus dipenuhi agar manusia dapat bertahan
hidup. Kebutuhan manusia sifatnya tidak terbatas.

 Sebagai contoh: 
ketika seseorang belum memiliki rumah, maka ia menginginkan rumah. Namun ketika telah memiliki rumah, selanjutnya memikirkan bagaimana rumah itu memiliki perabot. Apakah cukup sampai di situ? Tentu saja tidak! Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa, jika suatu kebutuhan terpenuhi maka kebutuhan lainnya akan muncul. Untuk sementara waktu seseorang tadi mungkin telah merasa puas telah memiliki rumah berikut dengan isi perabotnya. Namun, suatu ketika ia masih akan menginginkan mobil, villa, dan lain sebagainya yang jika disebutkan satu persatu tidak akan cukup karena terlalu banyak jenis kebutuhan manusia yang harus dipenuhi.


JENIS -JENIS KEBUTUHAN 
Secara garis besar, jenis kebutuhan manusia dapat kita bagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu :1. Kebutuhan menurut Tingkat IntensitasMenurut intensitas penggunaannya, kebutuhan dapat dibagi menjadi kebutuhan primer,
sekunder, dan tersier.

a. Kebutuhan primer adalah jenis kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi agar manusia dapat mempertahankan hidupnya. Agar dapat hidup, manusia harus makan, minum, dan berpakaian. Selain itu, manusia memerlukan tempat tinggal atau rumah.
b. Kebutuhan sekunder. Setelah manusia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan primernya, manusia juga masih memerlukan kebutuhan lainnya yang bersifat pelengkap dan sering disebut sebagai kebutuhan sekunder. Misalnya, manusia perlu sepeda, kipas angin, meja, kursi, kulkas, dan peralatan lainnya yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan.
c. Kebutuhan tersier. Pada umumnya, seseorang masih merasa belum cukup meskipun dia telah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan primer dan sekundernya. Dia masih memerlukan hal-hal lain yang tingkatannya lebih tinggi. Dia masih memiliki keinginan untuk memiliki mobil, piano, serta kebutuhan mewah lainnya. Karena dengan pemakaian barangbarang mewah dianggap dapat menaikkan status sosial seseorang.
  

2. Kebutuhan Menurut SifatJenis kebutuhan ini dibagi atas dasar sasaran dari alat pemuas kebutuhan yang digunakan,
yaitu:
a. Kebutuhan jasmani adalah kebutuhan yang berhubungan dengan jasmani. Kebutuhan jasmani antara lain pakaian, makanan, dan minuman. Kebutuhan ini seringkali dipersamakan dengan kebutuhan primer.
  

b. Kebutuhan rohani adalah kebutuhan yang bersifat kejiwaan. Misalnya, agar terhindar
dari kebosanan rutinitas sekolah, kita perlu menghibur diri dengan mendengarkan musik atau menonton fi lm. Sebagai makhluk beragama, kita pun ingin menjalankan ibadah dengan baik. 

3. Kebutuhan menurut subjekMenurut subjek yang membutuhkan, kebutuhan dapat dibedakan menjadi kebutuhan individual dan kebutuhan umum.


a. Kebutuhan individual, menunjuk pada kebutuhan tiap-tiap orang yang berbeda-beda. Suatu misal, Petani membutuhkan cangkul dan pupuk. Sedangkan guru membutuhkan buku pelajaran dan kapur tulis.
b. Kebutuhan umum, berhubungan dengan penggunaan barang dan jasa oleh banyak orang. Sebagai contoh, jalan raya atau jembatan penyeberangan digunakan oleh semua orang yang akan menyeberangi jalan.



4. Kebutuhan menurut waktuKebutuhan dibedakan atas dasar waktu pemenuhan, yaitu:

a. Kebutuhan sekarang adalah kebutuhan mendesak yang harus dipenuhi saat ini. Misalnya, orang yang sakit harus segera berobat agar sembuh, orang yang lapar harus segera makan, dan orang yang haus harus segera minum.

b. Kebutuhan yang akan datang adalah kebutuhan yang sifatnya tidak mendesak dan dapat ditunda sampai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan. Kebutuhan ini berhubungan dengan persediaan atau persiapan untuk waktu yang akan datang. Misalnya, orang tua menabung untuk persiapan uang sekolah anaknya atau untuk berekreasi bersama keluarga

  

Nah itu dia ya empat jenis kebutuhan manusia dalam kajian Ilmu Ekonomi, lumayan banyak kan. Tentunya saking banyaknya kebutuhan manusia ini tentunya jumlah barang pemenuh kebutuhan ini terbatas, jadi secara logika pasti ada manusia yang tidak bisa mendapatkan kebutuhannya karena keterbatasan persediaannya. 

Situasi keterbatasan ketersediaan barang dinamakan KELANGKAAN, 
Nah simak terus ya di bacahub, dalam materi selanjutnya kita akan membahas tentang kelangkaan. 

Jadi bisa dipahami ya apa itu Kebutuhan dan jenis jenis kebutuhan manusia. 



TUGAS MANDIRI BERSTRUKTUR


1. Buatlah minimal 3 contoh barang atau jasa yang termasuk kebutuhan primer ?
   (ini hanya jawaban 
   CONTOH KEBUTUHAN PRIMER : 
    A. BERAS 
   B ........
   C. ....... 
Dan lainnya)

2. Buatlah minimal 3 contoh barang atau jasa yang termasuk kebutuhan skunder ?

3.Buatlah minimal 3 contoh barang atau jasa yang termasuk kebutuhan tersier ?




Tim BACAHUB

Sumber belajar/daftar pustaka kajian : 
Alam dan Rudiyanto, 2013, Ekonomi untuk SMA dan MA kelas X kurikulum 2013 yang
disempurnakan, Erlangga
Kinanti, Nella, 2014, Ekonomi untuk SMA dan MA kelas X kelompok peminatan ilmu sosial,
Yrama Widya, Bandung
Mulyani Endang, 2015, Ekonomi 1 untuk kelas X SMA dan MA kelompok peminatan ilmu
sosial, Tiga Serangkai Pustaka Mandiri
  

  
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Halo BACAHUBER....
Jika kalian masih belum memahami materi Ekonomi , salah satunya apa itu Kegiatan Ekonomi.
Nah sebelumnya jika kalian belum mengetahui apa sih itu Ekonomi ?

Nah kalau Ekonomi itu artinya Ilmu yang mempelajari prilaku manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan nya yang tak terbatas , sementara barang pemenuh kebutuhan itu sifatnya terbatas.


PEMBAHASAN

apa itu Kegiatan Ekonomi ?
Kegiatan Ekonomi, artinya segala aktivitas yang dilakukan untuk memperoleh pendapatan(nilai tambah) untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya.
Adapun contoh yang termasuk kedalam Kegiatan Ekonomi tersebut yaitu :
1.      PRODUKSI
2.      DISTRIBUSI
3.      KONSUMSI


PRODUKSI

Dalam ilmu ekonomi pengertian produksi mengacu pada dua hal, yaitu :
1. produksi yang menghasilkan barang dan jasa baru sehingga dapat menambah jumlah, mengubah bentuk, atau memperbesar ukurannya;

2. produksiyang diartikan sebagai kegiatan untuk meningkatkan atau menambah daya guna suatu barang sehingga lebih bermanfaat. Dari uraian di atas, secara keseluruhan pengertian produksi adalah setiap usaha atau kegiatan manusia untuk menciptakan atau menambah daya guna suatu benda/jasa bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia.
Dalam kegiatan produksi ini tentunya ada banyak hal yang diperlukan seperti Sumber daya manusia, modal, sumber daya alam.
Proses distribusi itu sederhanya dapat digambarkan dalam bagan berikut :



 DISTRIBUSI



Barang yang sudah melewati tahap produksi akan siap untuk dikonsumsi, akan tetapi, barang tersebut harus melewati proses agar barang tersebut sampai pada pembeli , atau yang memesan atau pengguna barang. Distribusi terlebih dahulu, untuk memastikan bahwa barang tersebut berada pada waktu dan lokasi yang tepat ketika konsumen membutuhkannya. Dalam sebuah perekonomian, kegiatan distribusi sangat diperlukan agar tercipta kesesuaian antara ketersediaan barang dengan kebutuhan. Pelaku kegiatan distribusi sendiri disebut sebagai distributor.
Coba teman teman BACAHUB bayangkan jika di Desa kalian adalah penghasil buah jambu mente, tapi bagaimana jadinya jambu mente tersebut kalau tidak ada jalur distribusi, maka jambu mente itu akan terbuang sia-sia dan membusuk. Sehingga pada umumnya seorang produsen menjadikan faktor distribusi sebagai syarat utama sebelum menjalankan usaha, jadi harus ada jalur distribusi yang jelas dan lancar.


KONSUMSI


Dalam pengertian ekonomi, konsumsi diartikan sebagai kegiatan manusia mengurangi atau menghabiskan nilai guna suatu barang atau jasa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan, baik secara berangsur-angsur maupun sekaligus habis. Pihak yang melakukan konsumsi disebut konsumen.
Kegiatan konsumsi yang dilakukan manusia bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup atau untuk memperoleh kepuasan setinggi-tingginya sehingga tercapai tingkat kemakmuran. Dengan adanya lapisan masyarakat yang berbeda-beda, tujuan konsumsi juga berbeda pula. Pada masyarakat tradisional yang ditandai dengan peradaban yang belum maju dan kebutuhan masih sederhana, kegiatan konsumsi bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari guna mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup. Sedangkan pada masyarakat modern, tujuan konsumsi sudah berubah bukan hanya sekadar mempertahankan hidup, tetapi lebih banyak diarahkan untuk kepentingan kesenangan dan prestise (harga diri).




Tim BACAHUB

Sumber belajar/kajian pustaka :
Stoner, Alfred. W, dan C. Haque, Douglas. 1998. Teori Ekonomi. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia. 
Gunardi, Tom. 1985. Sistem Perekonomian menurut Pancasila dan UUD 1945, Bandung, Angkasa. 

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Halo teman-teman bacahub, kata “PANDEMI” kini menjadi umum di katakan semenjak wabah Covid-19.  Mungkin ada yang bertanya-tanya apa sih itu artinya kata “PANDEMI” .
Istilah dalam suatu kejadian penyakit , juga ada kata “EPIDEMI” dan Juga ada kata “WABAH” .
Apa pengertian epidemi dan wabah ini ? terus apa bedanya dengan kata pandemi ?




PEMBAHASAN

1.      PANDEMI
Untuk lebih memperjelas pemahaman kita , mari kita buka KBBI (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia).
Menurut KBBI, Pandemi diartikan sebagai wabah yang berjangkit serempak di mana-mana, meliputi  daerah geografi yang luas. Pada umumnya wabah ini menyebar ke beberapa negara atau wilayah  dunia
Wabah penyakit yang masuk dalam kategori pandemi adalah penyakit yang menular dan memiliki garis infeksi berkelanjutan. Jadi, jika ada kasus terjadi di beberapa negara lainnya selain negara asal, tetap digolongkan sebagai pandemi. Misalnya sesorang yang berlibur ke cina, dan kemudian berpergian pulang ke Indonesia dan menularkannya kepada yang lain, dan yang ditularkan ini juga menularkan kepada yang lainnya tanpa disadari secara berkelanjutan.

2.      EPIDEMI
Nah suatu pandemi yang terus meningkat secara signifikan dengan tajam meningkat dan menyebar dengan luas maka hal ini bisa disebut dengan Epidemi.   Epidemi adalah istilah secara luas digunakan untuk menggambarkan setiap permasalahan yang telah tumbuh di luar kendali dan tidak disangka sebelumnya.
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Epidemi adalah hasil dari pandemi yang meluas dan meningkat tajam tidak tertkontrol dan sulit di prediksi.


3.      WABAH
Selanjutnya kita mengenal ada istilah “ wabah” , nah dalam KBBI berarti penyakit menular yang berjangkit dengan cepat, menyerang sejumlah besar orang di daerah yang luas (seperti penyakit lainnya misalnya wabah cacar, disentri, kolera).

Suatu penyakit dikatakan Wabah yaitu terjadinya suatu penyakit dalam masyarakat, di mana jumlah orang terjangkit lebih banyak daripada biasanya atau terjadi meluas.

Penyakit dikatakan wabah ketika penyakit itu sudah lama tidak pernah menjangkiti masyarakat, datang penyakit baru yang sebelumnya tidak diketahui, dan penyakit tersebut adalah penyakit yang baru pertama kali menjangkiti masyarakat di daerah itu.

Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa WABAH itu memiliki pengertian yang mirip dengan pandemi, tetapi dalam penggunaannya WABAH itu digunakan untuk menyebutkan jenis penyakit yang dikatakan wabah, sementara PANDEMI digunakan untuk menyebutkan wabah yang menular dalam geografis yang luas bahkan terjadi di hampir semua negara di Dunia. Sementara EPIDEMI digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu keadaan pandemi yang meluas dan meningkat tajam tidak terkendali penyebarannya.

Pertanyaannya apakah Covid 19 termasuk wabah, atau pandemi atau epidemi ?

Pada bulan Februari 2020 Covid 19 merupakan wabah , namun memasuki bulan maret 2020 covid 19 berubah menjadi Pandemi , dan masuk awal april 2020 covid 19 termasuk ke dalam pandemi .

Jadi dapat dipahami ya teman-teman, itulah pengertian dan istilah penggunaan kata WABAH, PANDEMI dan EPIDEMI.


Tim BACAHUB

Sumber belajar/kajian pustaka
Wikipedia




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Petunjuk Umum

1.       Tulislah lebih dahulu Nomor, Nama Peserta dan Kode Paket Soal Anda pada Lembar Jawaban Komputer (LJK) yang telah disediakan menggunakan pensil 2B.
  1. Periksa dan bacalah soal-soal sebelum anda menjawab.
  2. Laporkan kepada pengawas ujian kalau terdapat tulisan yang kurang jelas, naskah soal rusak atau jumlah soal kurang.
  3. Jumlah soal sebanyak 45  butir dan semuanya harus dijawab.
  4. Dahulukan menjawab soal-soal yang anda anggap mudah.
  5. Hitamkan lingkaran pada salah satu huruf yang dianggap benar pada LJK.
  6. Apabila ada jawaban anda yang salah dan ingin memperbaikinya, gosoklah dengan karet penghapus, kemudian hitamkan jawaban yang menurut Anda benar.
  7. Periksalah pekerjaan anda sebelum diserahkan kepada pengawas ujian.
  8. Tidak diperbolehkan menggunakan kalkulator, tabel matematika atau alat bantu hitung lainnya.
 

1. I would like to introduce myself.
     My name is Fatya Kartika
     My nick name is Fatya
     I am 10 years old. I am a student.
     I am from Bogor.
     The girl is …..
     A. Drawing
     B. Studying
     C. Listening
     D. Introducing
     E. Running

2. Rendy         : I need to make an appointment to see the doctor.
Staff           : What seems to be the problem?
Rendy         : I have a rash that I need a doctor to look at.
Staff           : Do you have a fever with that rash?
Rendy         : No, it just itches a lot.
Staff           : I have openings on Tuesday or Wednesday. Which would be best for you?
Rendy         : I need an appointment on Tuesday.
Staff           : Fine, I am putting you down for 9:00 on that day. Would you like to see Dr.
Smith or Dr. Jones?
Rendy         : I would like to see Dr. Jones.
Staff           : I can schedule you with him with no problem. We look forward to seeing you.
The underlined word have meaning ....
A. Refusing an appointment
B. Request an appointment
C. Scheduling an appointment
D. Cancelling an appointment

3. Eka              : Are you free today?
Lidya          : Yes, what's up?
Eka             : Would you like to come with me to see the "Peterpan" show tonight?
Lidya          : Thanks, I'd be delighted to. It's my favorite band.
What are the speakers going to do?
A. To stay at home.
B. To see Peterpan show.
C. To arrange their free time.
D. To watch Peterpan at home.
E. To come to their friend's house.
4. April            : “Can we go now?”
     Ivan            : “ ……………..”
     April           : “Ok. No problem, but tomorrow we must go to Gramedia bookstore”
     Ivan                       : “Ok. But I must to go home. Bye”
     April           : “see you tomorrow. Bye”
     Expression Canceling an appointment …
A.Ok. Lets go
B. Yes I think so
C. With pleasure
D. Great man
E. I’m sorry I can’t, I’m sick

5. Sinta            : Hello Dina! My father gave me this phone two days ago. I’m so happy
Dina          : That's good !
The underlined sentence expresses ……
A. Happiness
B. Sadness
C. Congratulation
D. Boredom
E. Disappointment

6. Jane             : Hi Tia ,I saw you with Mira yesterday at the police office. What happened ?
Tiara           : Really? I accompanied Miranda to report the police. Miranda lost her
purse when I was in the market
Jane            : What a terrible situation for you.
The underlined expression expresses ....
A. Asking help
B. Asking opinion
C. Giving advice
D. Showing sympathy
E. Showing agreement

7. Mona             : I’m sorry, Do you mind if I leave early today? I’m going to take my cat to see
  the vet.
Liza                  : You’re going to take your cat to the vet? What’s the matter with your cat?
Mona               : Hmmmm. I don’t know. That’s why I’m going to take him to the vet’s.
Liza                 : Oh, I see. Sure, go ahead.
What happens with Mona?
A. She should go back early to check her cat
B. She want to go home late
C. She leave early, because Her cat died
D. She need to see a doctor
E. She has a lot of cat

8. Jack             : Oh no! I forgot to post a letter.
Rudy          : Let me help you, because I'm going to the post office.
Jack                        : You've been very helpful.
     The underlined expression expresses ....
A. Satisfaction
B. Dissatisfaction
C. Agreement
D. Thanks
E. Dislike
9. Dian : The cake is scrumptious! I love it.
 Joni  : … another piece?
 Dian  : Thank you. You should tell me the recipe.
 Joni   : I will.
Which of the following offering expressions best fill the blank?
A.       Do you mind if you have
B.       Would you like
C.       Shall you hav
D.       Can I have you
E.        I will bring you
10.  A: Ben, meet my daughter, Felicia (1)
B: It's nice to meet you, Felicia (2)
C: Nice to meet you too (3)
B: You have a lovely name (4)
C: Thank you. I like your outfit by the way (5)
B: Why thank you (6)
A: Very well then, we have to go now. Bye (7)
B: Goodbye (8)
Which sentence is a compliment?
A. (2) and (7)
B. (1) and (2)
C. (4) and (5)
D. (1) and (3)
E. (5) and (8)

11. Father        : Irwan, what do you  think of the watch I   gave you on your   birthday?
Irwan          : It’s beautiful.  The colour fits me.    I really like it Dad.
A. Happiness
     B. Agreement
     C. Satisfaction
     D. Possibility
     E. Ability

12. "I get slipped by the banana peel" The underlined word has similar meaning with ....
A. Retrieved
B. Slided
C. Charged
D. Assisted
E. Crushed
    
13.       On Wednesday, my students and I went to Yogyakarta. We stayed at Dirgahayu Hotel which is not far from Malioboro.
On Thursday, we visited the temples in Prambanan. There are three big temples, the Brahmana, Syiwa and Wisnu temples. They are really amazing. We visited only Brahmana and Syiwa temples, because Wisnu temple is being renovated.
On Friday morning we went to Yogya Kraton. We spent about two hours there. We were lucky because we were led by a smart and friendly guide. Then we continued our journey to Borobudur. We arrived there at four p.m. At 5 p.m. we heard the announcement that Borobudur gate would be closed.
      The text above mainly discusses about….
A. the writer’s experience at Yogya Kraton
B. the writer’s first visit to Prambanan
C. the writer’s impression about the guide
D. the writer’s trip to Yogyakarta
E. the writer’s impression about Borobudur
    
14. X : What happen to you? I know how you feel, but please don’t cry
 Y : I’m not glad with my score
We can conclude that the second speaker is…….
A. Excited
B. Unbelieving
C. Angry
D. Tired
E. Unsatisfaction

15. Mawar : This telegram is for my husband. He's out on duty. What do you recommend me to
  do?
Putri         : Why don't you ring him and tell him that a telegram's arrived?
In the dialogue above, Mawar is asking for Putri's ...
A. Advice
B. Curiosity
C. Agreement
D. Permission
E. Information

16. A : Do you need any help. Ma’am?
B :Yes, please. I can’t find my glasses.
The underlined words express …
A.       Preference
B.       Apology
C.      Accept apology
D.      Offer help and assistance
E.       Accept help and assistance

This following text is for questions 17 to 20.
THE MOUSE, THE FROG, AND THE HAWK
            A mouse who always lived on the land, by an unlucky chance, formed an intimate acquaintance with a frog who lived for the most part in the water.
            One day, the frog was intent on mischief. He tied the foot of the mouse tightly to his own. Thus joined together, the frog led the mouse to the meadow where they usually searched for the food. Then, he gradually led him towards the pond in which he lived. Reaching the banks of the water, he suddenly jumped in and dragged the mouse with him.
            The frog enjoyed the water amazingly, and swam croaking shout, as if he had done a good deed. The unhappy mouse was soon sputtered and drowned in the water. His poor dead body floated about on the surface.
            A hawk observed the floating mouse from the sky, and dove down to the water. He grabbed it with his talons and carried it back to his nest. The frog, being still fastened to the leg of the Mouse, was also carried off a prisoner, and was eaten by the hawk.
Adapted from : http//www.allaboutfrogs.org/stories/hawkmouise.html

17.    What is the text mainly about?
A.    The drowning of a mouse and the frogs.
B.    The life of a mouse, afrog, and a hawk.
C.    The friendship of a mouse and a frog.
D.    The unhappy mouse eaten by a hawk.
E.    The frog as a troublemaker.
                 
18.    From the text, we know that ....
A.    the mouse mostly lived in the water
B.    the frog killed the mouse by dragging him into the water
C.    the frog sacrificed his life to save the mouse from the hawk
D.    the frog saved the mouse by tying the mouse’s foot to his own
E.    the frog and the mouse enjoyed swimming in the water amazingly
                 
19.    What is the main idea of second paragraph?
A.    The frog did a mischief to the mouse.
B.    The frog tied the mouse’s foot to his.
C.    The frog and the mouse found food together.
D.    The frog gave a good protection to the mouse.
E.    The frog and the mouse played together as friends.

20.    What do you learn from this story?
A.    Do not play with animals.
B.    Never underestimate anyone
C.    We can make friends with everybody.
D    We should choose our friends carefully.
E.    Practice swimming if you do not want to get drowned.

21. Guest                     : I’m sorry to say this, I think the air conditioning doesn’t work properly.
Customer service    : I’m sorry. I’ll get someone to check it for you.
From the dialogue we know that …
A. The guest is complaining about the bedroom service.
B. The guest is complaining about the air conditioning
C. The guest is angry about the bad service
D. The guest is very disappointed about the situation.
E. The guest is satisfied of the service.

22. Samuel      : I can't get the printer to work.
David         : Did you check to see if it had paper?
Samuel        : Yeah. That's the first thing I checked. Can you help me?
David         : I am so sorry, I can't. You might have to call the technician.
The underlined expression expresses ....
A. Expressing apology
B. Responding apology
C. Asking help
D. Offering help
E. Giving help
23. Faiz           : What’s up? You look so sad.
Rizki           : My brother got sick and he is still hospitalized
Faiz             : That’s too bad. I’m so sorry to hear that. How is he now?
Rizki           : He is getting better now
Faiz             : Oh, I hope he will get well soon.
Rizki           : I hope so
The underline sentence expressing…
A. Happiness
     B. Agreement
     C. Expectation
     D. Possibility
     E. Ability
    
24. Mira      : Hi, Dad, I will be late home because the committee will hold a meeting after class.
Father    : It's okay but you must go straight home after the meeting.
Mira       : Don't worry, Dad.
Mother   : What did Mira say?
Father    : She said that she would be late home today.
What is the most possible place where Mira is talking to her father?
A. A hall.
B. Her home.
C. The office.
D. Her school.
E. A meeting room
     25. Juno   : Can you tell me where Dony’s house is?
Kate    : Just go along Sudirman street.
From the dialogue we know that …
A. Nanda knows where Doni’s house is
B. Nanda doesn't know where Doni's house is
C. They will go to Doni’s house
C. Fino knows where Doni’s house
D. Nanda doesn’t know where Doni’s house

26. Chika         : Have you read this novel?
      Hamish      : I know it is a good novel!
      The underline sentence means:
A. Hamish like it.
B. Hamish doesn’t love it.
C. It is expensive
D .Chika doesn’t have it.
E. Chika buys it.
ANTIBACTERIAL ANTISEPTIC SOAP


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It is formulated with a moisturizing blend of aloe vera, charmomile and lavender exctract. Zui Yan’s gentle foaming formula supplies twice as many aplications as alcohol-based gels.

Available in bottles and wall dispensers Guaranteed not to dry skin-pure and gentle enough for frequent cleansing when soap and water are not available.
 
 
















27.       The text tells about …
            A. Health product promotion
            B. Instant hand sanitizer
            C. How to clean bacteria
            D. Foaming formula
            E. Water journey
           









Announcement

The school drama is going to organize "Mega-Mega" drama cast audition. For those who are interested to join the audition, please come to our office on Monday, 4 August, at 2 pm. to register.

The requirements are as follows:
• Your latest photograph of post card size (2)
• The registration form (get it at the office) The audition will be held on Sunday, 10 August at 9 am.

The list of the selected candidates win be announced in a week. We appreciate your participation.

Thank you
The Committee No charge for the registration form
 
28.











               
                These information are included in the announcement, except…
            A. The place Mega-Mega drama will be staged
            B. The audition time of Mega-Mega drama
            C. The price to register in the audition
            D. The requirement of cast.
            E. School drama committee.
               
This text is for questions 29 to 32.
According to me, reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so?
Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of information and news about something happening in any parts of the world which can we see directly.
Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as science, technology, arts, sports, culture, etc. Written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.
Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books, novel, comic, newspaper or magazine on the entertainment column such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc., to make us relaxed.
The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Kuta beach we may feel we’re really enjoying in the beach not at home in our rooms.
         From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.

29.      What is the text about?   
A.      Reasons why reading is very significant.
B.      The knowledge we gain from reading books.
C.      The effects of reading to human life.
D.      The pleasure of reading books.
E.       The useful information we get from reading.

30.      Based on the text, we have to read because reading ....
A.      can connect us to other world
B.      is truly imaginative thing
C.      has many advantages
D.      makes us more intellectual
E.       is only important for adults
                       
31.      What is the main idea of  the fourth paragraph ?
A.      Reading can give us pleasure.
B.      We can get a lot of knowledge from reading.
C.      Reading is very important activity in our life.
D.      Reading can also take us to other parts of the world.
E.       We can get a lot of information and news from reading.

32.      “... it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, ...” (the last paragraph)
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
A.      deep
B.      clean
C.      clear
D.      tidy
E.       shallow

Announcement

This is a new school year and there are many new students around. Please be friendly and help them understand the rules of our school.


                                                                                                                             Principal
 
33.




 ” Please be friendly….” . What is the meaning of the underlined word?
A. Disturbing
B. Interesting
C. Welcoming
D. Attracting
E. Bullying

Mr and Mrs. Joseph Sembiring Invite you to share the joy of the marriage uniting their daughter Alice Sembiring To Jeffry Sitorus Friday, the thirthteenth of June two thousand and eight At three o'clock in the afternoon Gajah Wong Restaurant JI. Affandi Yogyakarta.
 
34.



                The main idea of the text is to invite you…
            A. To attend Mr. and Mrs. Sembiring’s marriage.
            B. To unite Alice and Jeffry in a wedding party.
            C. To attend Alice and Jeffry’s wedding party
            D. To marry with Mr. and Mrs. Sembiring
            E. To be sponsored Mr. and Mrs. Sembiring’s wedding party.
           
Mr. & Mrs. Kenedy
Glad to invite you to come
The marriage of their daugther
Chelsea Islan
To
Argavi Koto
at Alila Villas Uluwatu Hotel, Bali
on Friday, 1 November 2018
Started on 1 p.m
.

 
 

35.






 Conclusion of the invitation text above is…
A. The Chelsea islan and Rahmat will get married on Bali
B. Mr & Mrs. Kenedy are celebrating their marriage in Alila Villas Uluwatu Hotel
C. You can inform Argavi Koto to attend the event
D. You got invitation of Mr. & Mrs. Kenedy’s daughter wedding party.
E. Rahmat is Kenedy’s son

36.






What is the conclusion of the poster?
A. High quality school.
B. The graduation guaranteed
C. Good formal school
D. Special price for new students of ST. Mary School
E. Open registration for new students of ST. Mary School


37.




37. What is the poster tell us?
A. Organic product
B. Organic farming
C. How to become organic farmer
D. The form of agriculture
E. The advantages of organic farming




38. The pamphlet tells about?
A. High quality education
B. Healthy food.
C. Favorite sport
D. Safety Riding
E. Good traveler


This text is for questions 39 and 40.
Moscow – A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another Soviet nuclear catastrophe, which killed 10 sailors and contaminated an entire town.
Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who witnessed the explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of shkotovo–22 near Vladivostock.
The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster, spread radioactive fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was covered up by officials of the Soviet Union. Residents were told the explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class submarine during a refit had been a ‘thermal’ and not a nuclear explosion. And those involved in the clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated material were sworn to secrecy.
A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst accident in the history of the Soviet Navy. Russian journalist said in a statement.
                       
39.    Why did the officials cover up the accident?
A.  It had killed 10 sailors.
B.  A journalist witnessed the explosion.
C.  The explosion had contaminated an entire town.
D.  The Soviet government wanted to make it into a secret.
E.   The explosion became the worst accident in the history of Soviet Union.
     
40.    How did the accident affect the human life in Soviet?
A.  Killing people in town.
B.  Making the people stress.
C.  Spreading virus to the town.
D.  Contaminating the entire town.
E.     Causing a nuclear war with other country

B . Uraian
41. Rearrange the following sentences to form a correct manual!
1.    Fill the decanter with cold, fresh water for the desired number of cups, using the water markings on the decanter as a guide
2.    Plug the coffee maker into an electric outlet
3.    Turn the coffee maker on and press the brew button
4.    Place filter in the filter basket. Add desired amount of coffee. One tablespoon per cup is suggested amount of it.

42. Last weekend, I visited my pen pal's house. His Name is Anto. There were many activities I did there. In the morning, Anto and I had breakfast. We had traditional food. I liked it very much.

After breakfast, he took me to the garden behind his house. The garden was very big and beautiful. There is a big bird cage in the garden. There were many kinds of birds in that cage. I spent a long time feeding the birds. I also took pictures with those beautiful birds.

After visiting the bird cage, Anto and I went to the flower garden not far from his house. We took a rest and had lunch under a big tree and watch butterflies flying above colourful flowers. In the afternoon, we swam in the pool in the backyard. It was so fun. I really enjoyed my time with Anto. 

     From the text, we know that the writer…..

43.Once upon a time, there was a man who was living in north Sumatra. He lived in a simple hut in a farming field. He did some gardening and fishing for his daily life.
One day, while the man was do fishing, he caught a big golden fish in his trap. It was the biggest catch which he ever had in his life. Surprisingly, this fish turned into a beautiful princess. He felt in love with her and proposed her to be his wife. She said; “Yes, but you have to promise not to tell anyone about the secret that I was once a fish, otherwise there will be a huge disaster”. The man made the deal and they got married, lived happily and had a daughter.
Few years later, his daughter would help bringing lunch to her father out in the fields. One day, his daughter was so hungry and she ate his father’s lunch. Unfortunately, he found out and got furious, and shouted; “You damned daughter of a fish”. The daughter ran home and asked her mother. The mother started crying, felt sad that her husband had broken his promise.
Then she told her daughter to run up the hills because a huge disaster was about to come. When her daughter left, she prayed. Soon there was a big earthquake followed by non-stop pouring rain. The whole area got flooded and became Toba Lake. She turned into a fish again and the man became the island of Samosir.

  What is the main idea of second paragraph?

 

44. Making Colored Egg

Materials:
- Hard boiled egg (cooled)
- Paper towels
- Food coloring
- Glass jar
- Vinegar
- Salt
Steps:
1. Rinse eggs in cold water and dry it with paper towels. To make the dye, pour half a small bottle of food coloring into a glass jar and add 300 ml of hot water
2. Add 300 ml vinegar and 15 ml salt. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave it for a few minutes. Check the color of the egg regularly.
3. When the egg has reached the desire color, lift it out and repeat the process with the remaining eggs.
       From the text above we get the information on ….

 

45. Two state-owned lenders — Bank Mandiri and Bank BNI — will build temporary houses for 400 families displaced by the recent strong earthquake that hit Sigi District, Central Sulawesi Province..

Second Assistant Secretary of Sigi District Government Iskandar Nontji informed that the temporary houses for 100 families will be constructed by Bank Mandiri in the South Sibayala area of Dolo Sub-district. Meanwhile, Bank BNI will erect the temporary shelters for 300 families in Jonoge Village of Sigi Biromaru Sub-district that severely suffered from soil liquefaction during the 7.4-magnitude earthquake that rocked the area on Sept 28, he noted.

The temporary houses will be constructed on pieces of land, owned by the sub-district government, village, and community members, he stated, adding that the Sigi district government will facilitate all related parties to sign a letter of agreement.
“We are going to provide a letter of agreement that will be signed by all related parties to avoid any unexpected eventuality in the future,” he explained. (Antara, 17th October, 2018)

 

    Please summarize the main idea of the third paragraph ……..





KUNCI JAWABAN

 

 I. Pilihan ganda

1. D
11. C
21. B
31. D
2. C
12. B
22. A
32. C
3. B
13. D
23. C
33. C
4. E
14. E
24. E
34. A
5. A
15. A
25. A
35. D
6. D
16. D
26. A
36.E
7. A
17. A
27..A
37. B
8. D
18. B
28. A
38. D
9. B
19.A
29. A
39. A
10. C
20. B
30. C
40. D

 

II. Uraian

 

41. 2 134

42.  Spent his holiday at friend’s house


43. How to make coloring eggs.


44. The man made the deal and they got married, lived happily and had a daughter


45. The government will construct temporary houses for people in Sigi which sigh a letter of agreement.





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